 |
 |
 |
 |
| 3.5
mil BC – 6000 BC |
5900
BC – 2000 BC |
1900
BC – 9AD |
10
AD – 1049 AD |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| 1050
AD – 1699 AD |
1700
AD – 1899 AD |
1900
AD – 1969 AD |
1970
AD – 1995 AD |
3.5 million BC. – 6,000 BC
| Africa | |
| African
Countries: http://www.isa-africa.com/english /index.htm http://us-africa.tripod.com/countries.html African
Studies: |
3.5
million BC: In what we know of as Tanzania, a hominid by
the name of Australopithecus afarensis is living at Laeotoli. This
species has a fully upright posture and is capable of walking. 3.1 Million BC: Ethiopia, c. 3.1 million BC. "Lucy" was a hominid who lived to the age of apprx. 25 and was about four feet in height. Her feet and jaw were huge and primitive. What makes "Lucy" special is that she is known to have walked upright and her skeleton provided the earliest actual skeletal evidence of bipedality – the hominids capacity to walk upright on two legs – although footprints from 500,000 years earlier demonstrated this ability among hominids. "Lucy" belongs to the Australopithecus afarensis species, a population known to live in this region of Hadar. 2 million BC: Stone tools are being made by either an Australopithecine or by Homo Habilis (handy man) in the [Omo] delta region of [Ethiopia]. They were first made in Hadar, about 700,000 years prior. 125,000 BC: Hunters and gatherers live in caves at the mouth of the [Klasis River] on the southern African coast. The people are systematically collecting shellfish to supplement a diet which includes both terrestrial and marine life. 100,000 BC: A new sub-species of human, called Homo sapiens sapiens, has put in an appearance in eastern and southern Africa. Compared with Homo sapiens, the new species Homo sapiens sapiens has a smaller face, higher forehead, lighter skull and straighter limbs. 10,000 BC: Food production has acquired a novel dimension for the river people of [Egypt]. On the lower [Nile], the Halfan people are harvesting wild cereal grasses and then using grinding stones to produce a powder-like substance. On the upper [Nile], in [Nubia], local communities are using flint-bladed reaping knives, and their upper and lower grinding stones are made from limestone. 7,500 BC: In [Kenya], the people living around [Lake Turkana] are establishing fishing communities in the Upper [Nile] basin and in the rift valleys of [Kenya]. They have developed a new weapon- the harpoon – which has a serrated point carved out of bone, with a notch or grove at the blunt end to enable it to be tied to the shaft of a spear or arrow. From boats, or standing in the shallows, they now use harpoons to spear their prey. 6,000 BC: In [Mesopotamia] Along with the increasing use of artificial irrigation schemes, a hoe has been attached to a pair of yoked animals and the plough, soil preparation was tedious and labor-saving farming devices yet invented. Without the plough, soil preparation was tedious and labor intensive, requiring hoeing by hand. |
Sources
used:
University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries. Africa Focus. 2000.
http://africafocus.library.wisc.edu/
History Link 101.
http://historylink101.com/
University of Virginia Libraries. Project of the Virginia Foundation for
the Humanities.
http://www.rzuser.uni-heidelberg.de/~el6/presentations/pres_c1_african_americans_ws02_03/
Chronicle of the World. Ecam Publications 1989.